1.9 Introduction to FRQs 1: Definitional Response

What definitional FRQs ask

Some AP Macro free-response prompts simply ask you to define or explain a term or concept. These are usually the easiest points on the exam. Graders want a precise, complete definition using correct economic vocabulary — not just an example. Always answer in full, clear sentences and directly restate the term being defined.

How to earn full credit

Read the prompt carefully to identify exactly what's being asked (a term, a relationship, or a distinction between two concepts). Use specific economic language (e.g., 'opportunity cost' not 'what you give up'). If asked to compare two terms, address both clearly rather than only defining one. Avoid vague or circular definitions that just restate the word.

Common pitfalls

Students lose points by giving an example instead of a definition, being too vague, or leaving out a key qualifier (like 'in the long run' or 'ceteris paribus'). Always double-check whether the question wants a definition, an explanation of why, or both — graders award points only for what's explicitly required by the prompt's verbs (define, explain, identify).

Key terms

Definitional FRQ

A free-response question that asks you to define or explain an economic term or concept clearly and precisely.

Key strategy for definitional questions

Identify exactly what's being asked, then answer using precise economic vocabulary in complete sentences.

Common mistake on definitional FRQs

Giving an example instead of an actual definition, which usually earns no credit.

Distinguishing between two terms

Requires clearly defining and separating both terms, not just answering about one.

Why vocabulary matters

Precise economic vocabulary shows the grader you understand the specific concept, not just a general idea.

Try an AP-style question

An FRQ asks you to "identify" a variable. What is required?

1. A graph with labels
2. A full paragraph of reasoning
3. A calculation
4. Name it, with no explanation needed