AP Japanese Language & Culture · Unit 1: Families & Communities
1.3 Numbers & Counters
Numbers 1–10
一 (ichi) 1, 二 (ni) 2, 三 (san) 3, 四 (yon/shi) 4, 五 (go) 5, 六 (roku) 6, 七 (nana/shichi) 7, 八 (hachi) 8, 九 (kyū) 9, 十 (jū) 10.
Counters
To count things, Japanese adds a counter after the number, chosen by the object's type: 〜人 (nin) for people, 〜本 (hon) for long things, 〜枚 (mai) for flat things, 〜つ (tsu) general.
Sound changes
Counters cause sound changes: 一本 (ippon), 三本 (sanbon), 六本 (roppon). The generic 〜つ counter (ひとつ, ふたつ, みっつ…) works for many objects up to ten.
Key terms
- 一 二 三 四 五
- ichi ni san yon go — 1 2 3 4 5
- 六 七 八 九 十
- roku nana hachi kyū jū — 6 7 8 9 10
- Counter
- follows the number, chosen by object type
- 〜人 / 〜本 / 〜枚
- nin (people) / hon (long) / mai (flat)
- 〜つ
- tsu — general counter (ひとつ, ふたつ…)
Try an AP-style question
The counter for flat objects like paper is…
- 〜さつ (satsu)
- 〜まい (mai)
- 〜ほん (hon)
- 〜ひき (hiki)
Show the answer
B. Flat.
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