2.4 Counterargument & Concession

Addressing opposition

Strong arguments anticipate the counterargument — the opposing view — and respond to it. Ignoring objections makes an argument look one-sided; answering them builds credibility (ethos).

Concession and rebuttal

A concession grants that part of the opposing view has merit; a rebuttal then explains why the writer's position still holds. Together they show fairness and strengthen the case.

Qualifiers

Careful writers use qualifiers ('often,' 'in most cases,' 'usually') to make claims defensible. Overstated, absolute claims are easy to disprove with a single exception.

Key terms

Counterargument

The opposing view an argument anticipates and answers.

Concession

Granting that part of the opposing view has merit.

Rebuttal

Explaining why the writer's position still holds.

Qualifier

A limiting word ('usually,' 'often') that keeps a claim defensible.

Why concede?

Addressing opposition builds fairness and credibility.

Try an AP-style question

Why address a counterargument?

1. It weakens the writer's own thesis
2. It removes the need for evidence
3. It shows fairness and builds credibility
4. It proves the other side is right