1.3 The Principles of Design

Organizing the elements

The principles of design organize the elements into effective compositions: balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, rhythm, proportion, unity, and variety.

Composition

Composition is the arrangement of elements in the picture space. Strong composition guides the eye, creates focus (emphasis), and balances the whole.

Contrast & unity

Contrast (e.g., light vs. dark) creates interest and emphasis; unity and variety balance sameness and difference so a work feels both coherent and lively.

Key terms

Principles of design

balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, rhythm, proportion, unity, variety

Composition

the arrangement of elements in the picture space

Emphasis

creating a focal point that draws the eye

Contrast

difference (light/dark) that creates interest

Unity & variety

balance sameness and difference

Try an AP-style question

Emphasis in a drawing creates…

1. a blank page
2. equal attention everywhere
3. random marks
4. a focal point